Problems Associated with Drought in Africa, and Proposed...

Africa is a continent that suffers from many problems in many areas. The name of the continent has become synonymous with poverty, hunger and disease. These problems are connected with each other significantly. Many observers believe that the successive African crises are because of some reasons such as violence in most African countries, corruption that is rooted in the majority of African governments and stagflation which puts the continent in the mouth of hunger and unemployment(Stewart, 2004). However, there are other factors which are responsible for Africas crises such as unstable environment, the growing population and agricultural difficulties (African ecology, 1990). In fact, climate change leads to drought in many parts of†¦show more content†¦Drought, which is a clear manifestation of global warming, has severe effects on the African arena. Large parts in Africa has turned into deserts in a short period; for example, within two decades, around 6700 hectares of fo rest, which contained different animals such as monkeys, deer and buffalo, have become a barren area (Ogodo, 2006, p2). Indeed, More than 300000 people died because of drought in the Sahel in the seventies (Scott, 2005, p2). The fact that 40% of African income depends on agriculture, and 70% of the African workers are engaged in agriculture means that the drought is certain death to the continent (Scott, 2005, p2). In the future, some believe that around 66% of African space could be dry because of deforestation and grazing (African ecology, 1990). In addition, many observers believe that the drought is the origin of all the African crises (Brown, 2006). Over the history of the continent, different tribes and races have fought over water sources , which lead some times to genocides (Scott, 2005, p5) For example, the conflict in Darfur between the Sudanese government-backed militia and rebels, which has left more than 300000 dead is mainly due to drought. This problem can be solve d partly or even totally by the provision of water (Block, 2010). Global warming is mainly produced by the industrial countries. There is growing evidence that shows the steadyShow MoreRelatedCurrent And Future Consequences Of Global Warming2373 Words   |  10 PagesIsfan Satrya Global warming is defined as the continuing increase of global temperatures of the earth’s atmosphere and surface. This paper addresses the possible causes for this phenomenon, its effects on societal structure and policy, possible solutions, and the way going forward. GLOBAL WARMING Al Shahri, Oguzer, Satrya Current and Future Consequences of Global Warming November 5, 2014 Page 1 of 12 I. INTRODUCTION The basic understanding of the issue of global climate change requires a thoroughRead More Implementing Radio in Somalia Essay3785 Words   |  16 PagesImplementing Radio in Somalia Implementation of radio technology in helping underdeveloped countries is a cheap and effective solution in spreading education, health information, and news about local and foreign affairs. Radio can reach the most people (approximately an area of a 20 km radius) with the least amount of money, energy and effort. In comparison to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Internet connectivity, radio management is easily teachable and requires lessRead MoreClimate Change Agenda Has Caught The Attention Of High And Mighty Essay3644 Words   |  15 PagesONE Climate change agenda has caught the attention of high and mighty in developed nations. 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Many were wondering why there was no ground breaking initiativeRead MoreA Research on Moringa Oleifera2858 Words   |  12 Pageshave some truly impressive properties. Native to northern India but now found widely in Asia, Africa and Latin America, moringas have been used in villages in developing countries for hundreds of years, their uses ranging from traditional medicine, food and cooking oil, to natural pesticide, domestic cleaning agent, and – the latest addition – biofuel. Moringas are extremely hardy, known in parts of Africa as nebedies, meaning ‘never-die trees’, because they grow on marginal soils, regrow after beingRead MoreA Research on Moringa Oleifera2858 Words   |  12 Pageshave some truly impressive properties. Native to northern India but now found widely in Asia, Africa and Latin America, moringas have been used in villages in developing countries for hundreds of years, their uses ranging from traditional medicine, food and cooking oil, to natural pesticide, domestic cleaning agent, and – the latest addition – biofuel. Moringas are extremely hardy, known in parts of Africa as nebedies, meaning ‘never-die trees’, because they grow on marginal soils, regrow after beingRead MoreAnimal Extinction2994 Words   |  12 Pagesbird or amphibian or tree cannot be salvaged, no matter the first aid rendered. Too few individuals spread too far apart, or too genetically weakened, are susceptible to even small natural disasters: a passing thunderstorm; an unexpected freeze; drought. At fewer than 50 members, populations experience increasingly random fluctuations until a kind of fatal arrhythmia takes hold. 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Essay about Organ Donation -Saving Lives - 1034 Words

According to United Network for Organ Sharing (2010) organ donations and transplantation are the removal of organs and tissues from one person and placed into another person’s body. The need for organ transplantation usually occurs when the recipient organ has failed (UNOS, 2010). Organ donation can save the lives of many individuals who are on the waiting list for an organ donation. Becoming an organ donor can be a difficult decision. Many people have the false beliefs about being an organ donor. An example would be if organ donor is on their driver’s license and a person is in a life-threatening accident everything will not be done to save their life. There is an increase need for organ donors and unfortunately the need for organ†¦show more content†¦Although there is no cure for Hepatitis B there are ways to help reduce re-infection once a new liver is received. Continued use of lifelong antiviral medication can decrease the re-occurrence of Hepatitis B, but because of the lack of cellular immunity if antiviral medication is stop re-occurrence can occur (Wagner, 2009). Mrs. Bay is married with two young children and is very active in her community. A great family and community bond will give the support system needed to recover from a liver transplant. She will have a chance to be in her children’s life and will be able to continue to support the community. â€Å"Trying to select organ recipients based on self worth, self-destruction behavior, and a potential for rehabilitation is difficult to justify from an ethical perspective† (Butts Rich, 2008, p.300). Although this true, some people might not feel comfortable giving a liver to a person who states they would not make any promises to stop drinking when a new liver is received. Mrs. Bay would be a great candidate for liver transplantation because she will be more complaint to take antiviral medication indefinitely thus decreasing the risk of re-occurrence. Mr. Mann would not be chosen for a liver transplant over Mrs. Bay. The main reason he would not be chosen first for a liver transplant is because he has the possibility of being non compliant. Although he states he willShow MoreRelatedOrgan Donation1090 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Why organ donation should be mandatory Audience: College Students General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade people to want to become an organ donor and the benefits of being one Proposition: You should become an organ donor Organizational Pattern: Statement of logical reasoning Introduction: Attention Getter: Organ donation is an amazing thing, saving many lives every year. Roughly 152,000 people die every day and 55 Million die each year yet, there is 116,000 peopleRead MoreThe Ultimate Gift: The Gift of life-Organ Donation1075 Words   |  5 Pagessigning the back of ones drivers licence and you could be a hero by saving up to 8 lives and enhancing the lives of many more; it only takes you being an organ donor. Organ donation has negative connotation tied to its back. even though many people in todays society believe that no wrong can happen in their life but in reality we are not invincible and accidents do happen and your time will come to end sometime. The act of organ donation is a compassionate and the humane choice for a person to make. TransplantationRead MorePersuasive Speech : Organ Donation1335 Words   |  6 Pagestragic time of their lives, her family had a big decision to make. C. 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After death, one person can help as many as eight people by donating their organs. Organ transplantations raise singularly difficult ethical in its requirements in its obligation for donated organs. Mandatory organ donationsRead MoreEssay on Outline for Organ Donation Speech1009 Words   |  5 PagesName: ashley singer Speech Type: Persuasive Organ Donation Organization Type: Comparative Advantages Pattern Attention Getter Type: Story, Quotation, or Poem Conclusion Type: Summary Goal/Purpose persuade my audience to give the gift of life and become organ donors. Introduction I. I have always decided i wanted to dedicate my organs to others once i have oassed but it was not until January of this year i learned the true value behind organ donation. II. Last January my brother was pronouncedRead MoreOrgan Transplants : An Organization1486 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 7-8 1B January 20, 2015 Organ Transplants Despite the fact that more than a million have signed up to become donors the number of donors is still nowhere near the number of people on waiting for transplants therefore, resulting in an average of eighteen deaths every day due to the shortage. (Pros) Keep in mind the amount of lives saved or restored when a single organ donor can save up to eight lives. In addition to saving lives and restoring broken lives, a donation can reduce medical expensesRead MoreEssay about Persuasive Speech: Why Be an Organ Donor588 Words   |  3 Pagesmy audience to become organ donors and sign up online Central Idea: my central idea are what organ donation is and how it works, arguments against organ donation and refutations, and how to become an organ donor and benefits of organ donation Good evening, everyone I want to start by doing a quick poll, just raise your hand once I asked the question. Has anyone here ever saved a life from ending? If a good portion say, â€Å"you can save even more people by becoming an organ donor.† If not a goodRead MoreEssay On Organ Donation814 Words   |  4 Pagesunpreventable, yet the process of organ donation and transplantation prolongs life. Problems with the supply and demand of viable organs lead to controversial topics and debates regarding solutions to suppress the gap between donors and recipients. One prevalent debate concerning these problems follows the question of whether to allow non-donors to receive organ transplants if needed even though they aren’t registered to donate their own organs. Although denying non-registered organ donors the possibility to

Music Therapy and Its Effects free essay sample

A powerful force that is commonly taken for granted, music can be consciously used to serve many purposes. Such purposes include motivation or reward, a means of reducing boredom and even manage time, by setting a desired pace for the listener (Rotor, 1999, p. Introduction xv). Considering the breadth of such a subject, it is essential to contain the contents of this essay into a focused discussion.Namely, music, its use in therapy and the effects it generates. This essay will also discuss the efferent arguments for the support of various therapeutic effects of music, along with its detractors. In recent decades, an enormous amount of research has been conducted on specific ways in which sound, rhythm and music, in general, can improve human lives. Arguably, one of the most interesting of them all is the Mozart Effect. Supporters of this phenomenon claim that listening to Mozart music can affect you positively in a number of ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Therapy and Its Effects or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mainly, it improves ones spatial-temporal reasoning skills and that early childhood exposure is beneficial for mental development. Let us take a closer kook. Spatial-temporal reasoning skills refer to the ability to visualize spatial patterns and mentally manipulate them over a time-ordered sequence of spatial transformations. This ability, often referred to as thinking In pictures.Is important for generating and conceptualizing solutions to multi-step problems that arise in areas such as art, science, mathematics and everyday life (Spatial-temporal reasoning, 2006, Para. 1). In his foreword for Don Campbell The Mozart Effect for Children. Child development expert, Joseph C. Pearce, mentioned that when the Nobel laureate and reconstitute David Hubble was asked whether he had any interest other than his specialty, his reply was, Actually, I seem to have spent an Inordinate amount of my life at the piano. . It was also stated that in the 1 sass, atomic scientists at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, gathered at spare moments in the evening to play string quartets,3 and that Einstein arguably the greatest scientist of our time -? had a love affair with the violin (Campbell, 2002, Introduction xii). Assuming that all scientists are smart, intelligent human beings, there is little doubt that Parses statements of associating scientists with musical instruments was a deliberate attempt of portraying the Idea that music begets intelligence.But how far is this true? Could it be that mere coincidence plays a part in linking some of the greatest scientists to music? Accordi ng to Campbell, studies show that schools that Include music In their curricula produce the highest achievers in the country. A study in Hong Kong found that adults who had received music training before age twelve have a better memory for spoken words than those who did not. Furthermore, Dry. Gordon Shaw of the university ofCalifornia has shown that taking piano lessons and solving math puzzles significantly For the purpose of this essay, the word therapy will not only mean any treatment designed to improve a health problem or to cure an illness (Oxford dictionary, 1999, It is unclear who first coined the phrase, but it undoubtedly came into being as a result of attention aroused by countless scientific studies conducted on the effect of Knolling Amadeus Mozart music on its listeners. The phrase has since been trademarked by Don Campbell, Inc. A string quartet usually consists of 2 violinists, a viola player and a cellist. Improves specific math skills of elementary school children (Campbell, 2000, p. 185). Mozart music has similar effects. In a study of nineteen children aged seven to seventeen with attention deficit disorder (ADD) or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (DAD),4 researchers played recordings of such Mozart compositions as Nine Klein Machinists, Piano Concerto No. 21 in C Major (K. 467) and The Marriage of Figaro during thrice-weekly nonrefundable sessions for some of the children.Nothing was played for the others. The researchers reported that those who listened o Mozart displayed improved focus, mood control and social skills. Seventy percent of the subjects who improved maintained that improvement for at least six months afterward (Campbell, 2002, p. 183 184). These studies indicate that listening to and playing music generally generates arioso positive results. However, none of these studies prove that a hundred percent of the subjects tested attained these same results.In fact, there were many attempts to replicate some of these results, but most were unsuccessful (Willingham, 2006). On top of this, Earaches himself later wrote that,5 spatial-temporal task reference varies widely between individuals. This goes to show that the Mozart Effect, as well as the different positive effects of music therapy, has various degrees of effects and that it may not necessarily affect everyone. Another topic that will be discussed is Temper music. In this indigenous community, major technique of healing ailments involves singing and trance-dancing ceremonies/rituals, which are usually led by a medium. The medium would sing tunes and texts given to him during dreams by spiritless,7 to the patient, as female chorus members accompany him. Also, sometimes instruments such as the soufflà ©s, bamboo-tube zither and mouthpart are used in the process. Depending on the severity of the patients illness, these activities are conducted as small rituals or huge ceremonies.Basically, the more severe the illness is, the bigger the ceremony. Unfortunately, efficacy of this method of therapy and curing illnesses is not a well documented subject. It is, however, a fact that Temper tradition of healing Ninth music has gone on for generations and generations and that it is still in practice today. From these observations, one may deduce that it is a tired-and-tested method ND therefore, to a certain extent, it works. But since it is not a thoroughly Investigated topic, such a deduction is open to debate. N inability to concentrate, difficulty relating to peers and a general incoherence of thought (Campbell, 2000, p. 183). 5 Frances H. Earaches was one of the pioneering scientists that conducted tests on the effects of Mozart music. Rhea Tempers are Aboriginals who dwell in peninsular Malaysia (Rosemary, 1993, p. 2) According to Temper belief, spiritless refers to entities of object (animate or animate), such as a particular Jungle flower or a mountain, that visit mediums in heir dreams, in a humanists form, to offer their services to the mediums, to be their teacher.These spiritless will then begin to sing and the dreamer would repeat it line by line until, upon awakening, the song is committed to the dreamers memory. Rosemary, 1993, p. 53) From the various arguments stated above, I come to the conclusion that music therapy is a powerful force that can be consciously used. From University students in Hong Kong, toddlers in America and Aboriginals in Malaysia, overwhelming evidences suggest that the effect of music therapy transcends ethnic boundaries and that, the earlier you are exposed to it, the better positioned you are to exploit it.

Tae Kwan Do Essay Example For Students

Tae Kwan Do Essay Tae Kwan Do is the traditional Korean martial art, which literally means the are of fist and foot fighting. Tae Kwon Do has been practiced for many centuries, tracing back as far as 50 BC, and will become an Olympic event in the 2000 games in Sydney. The earliest records of Tae Kwan Do practice date back to about 50 BC. (Park pg. 1) During this time, Korea was divided into three kingdoms:(1) Silla, Koguryo, and Baekche. Silla had been founded in 87 BC, Baekche in 18 BC southwest of the Korean peninsula, and Koguryo in 37 BC. The earliest form of Tae Kwan Do was known as Taek Kyon. Known facts came from paintings on the ceiling of the Muyong-chong, a royal tomb from the Koguryo dynasty. (1) The paintings were of unarmed combatants using techniques that are somewhat similar to the Tae Kwan Do used by todays practitioners. (1) The similarities were of the techniques of knife hand, fists, and fighting stances. Because Silla was the least civilized, their coastlines were constantly being attacked by pirates of Japan. Silla asked for help because of the constant harrasment by the Japanese. We will write a custom essay on Tae Kwan Do specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now King Gwanggaeto, a Koguryo monarch, sent 50,000 soldiers into Silla to help drive out the pirates. (2) At this time, Taek Kyon was introduced to the warriors of Silla and were swore to secrecy about this art. The newly taught warriors were given the name the Hwarang and formed a society of the Hwarang-do. They had a code which they used as their bible. It was known as the Five Codes of Human Conduct; Be loyal to your country, Be obidieant to your parents, Be trustworthy to your friends, Never retreat in battle, Never make an unjust kill. Todays Tae Kwan Doists use these code but with additions to the Five Codes. These eleven commandments were; Loyalty to your country, Respect your parents, Faithfulness to your spouse, Respect your brothers and sisters, Loyalty to your friends, Respect your elders, Respect your teachers, Never take life unjustly, Indomitable spirit, Loyalty to your school, Finish what you begin. After the battles Taek Kyon was primarily used for sports and recreational activity used to improve physical fitness. (3) When the Koryo dynasty began, about 935 until 1392, the martial arts name was changed to Subak, and when King Uijong reigned, it became a system of fitness and changed to a fighting art rather than a sport. When the Japanese invaded Korea in 1909 and occupied the country, the residing Japanese general banned the practice of all military arts for native Koreans. (3) This sparked hatred in the eyes of the Koreans. Subak practitioners grew dramatically. Koreans organized underground camps, Budhhist temples studied martial arts, as well as many Koreans leaving the country to China as well as Japan to study. When Korea became liberated, the first Dojang (school) was built in Seoul. The name changed again after the war in 1953. It was known as Tae Soo Do. Two years later, it waas renamed Tae Kwan Do. This was known to be an effective fighting system in the Vietnam War. (5) After exhibiting Tae Kwan Do all over the world, the World Tae Kwan Do Federation was formed on May 28, 1973. The first Tae Kwan Do championships were also held in Seoul in May 1973. Many practitioners are now trying to make Tae Kwan Do an official sport of the Olympic games; Grandmaster Kyung Myung Lee, Master Sang H. Kim, and Master Kuk Hyun Chung. With an exhibition Olympic tournament in the 1988 games, Tae Kwan Do was named to be an official sport of the 2000 Olympic games in Seoul.

Dailigh Romano Essays - Abortion, Fertility, Human Reproduction, RTT

Dailigh Romano Essays - Abortion, Fertility, Human Reproduction, RTT Dailigh Romano Miss Strimel English 9 8 March 2015 Abortion Pros and Cons There are many opinions on the pros and cons arguments of abortio n. There are two si des to the abortion argument and the opinions are very strong from others. I t is either people are against it or for it. This paper will be about all sides of the argument and I will have no part take o n any of the opinions stated . The most discussed side of the abortion topic is how much people dislike it. A lot of religi ons such as Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianity, and etc. All religions that are against i t have many different views on the topic, so they are not all the same feelings. Many are against abortion because of what the mother, family, etc. is doing to the child. In abortion there are many health risks to the child and mother. Abortion is a form of murder and demeans the value of human life , abortion eliminates legal rights of the unborn child, most decisions fo r abortion are chosen by a young adult/teenager that don't have the maturity yet. All three of those topics are very important in the argument of abortion and are fought over in states and religion . Another side of abortion is the fact of people agreeing with it. Some facts are that carrying and delivering the child can be dangerous to the mother, abortion is not murder because it is performed before a fetus h as developed into a human person , giving up a child for abortion can be just as emotionally damaging as having an abortion. There are many religions that go for abortion such as Quakers, certain Jewish groups, Free voices of Catholic, etc. A lot of people are going for abortion because it is the choice of the mother and fathers if they want to conceive and raise the child or not. In conclusion, the both sides should come together and work the issues out. Both sides of the abortion argument have many sides and supportive details to back up the opinion. Abortion is talked about in many different ways, opinions, and so called facts. After writing this paper, I have learned a lot about abortion and the sides on it. WORK CITED PAGE Niebuhr, Reinhold. Moral Man and Immoral Society: A Study in Ethics and Politics. Charles Scribner's Sons. 1932. Thompson, Judith Jarvis. "A Defense of Abortion." Philosophy and Public Affairs, 1, (1). 1971

There are many ways to do laser eye surgery

There are many ways to do laser eye surgery, some are old, some are new, some have many side effects and some have barley. This report will be about the most popular way of Laser eye surgery, "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis", also known as LASIK. This report will discuss what LASIK is (including procedure), the risks, complications and advantages, and qualifications. LASIK surgery was developed 30 years ago and can provide help for nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism. It is the least risky and most commonly used type of laser eye surgery. A simple description of the procedure of the surgery contains 7 steps. Step 1: The doctor puts in eye drops to numb patients eye(s) and marks them with water-supple ink to direct him replacing the flap. Step 2: The doctor puts on a suction to keep the patients eye(s) sturdy and checks the pressure. Step 3: The surgeon raises a thin layer of the cornea, or corneal flap, with the microkeratome to expose the portion beneath. This part of the procedure is called keratectomy. Step 4: The flap is lifted and put to the side Step 5: The doctor checks the aim of the laser and walks the patient through the rest of the process Step 6: Then a computer-controlled laser reshapes the cornea in the proper way in less than a minute. Step 7: The surgeon then puts the flap back into its original position and watches it for about 3-5 minutes to make sure healing is working. Like every surgery there are risks, complications and advantages. LASIK surgery has the least percent of risks, complications and the most advantages. The advantages of LASIK are only several more then PRK. These advantages include, None- Low procedure discomfort, Less possibility of haze, 1-3 days of eye drops rather than 4 months, Generally no requirement to wear after-operation contact lenses, Rapid visual recovery, A higher chance of havin

Segregation and the Racial Wage Gap Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Segregation and the Racial Wage Gap - Term Paper Example The image of the black man, being relegated to lower rung jobs, being inadequately compensated and constantly striving to prove himself has gone through a drastic change, report Mary Daly, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco and Kenneth A. Couch, University of Connecticut. Their study has pointed out that an increase in the weekly pay of black male workers rose substantially so as to narrow the gap between black and white earnings to its lowest historically recorded levels. (Gene Koretz) This Discrimination in wage earnings begins at an early stage in the careers of black men and these have a direct impact on the â€Å"future labor earnings.† This wage inequality starts with the first job and continues to grow during the first five years of â€Å"post-school labor market activity† (Renna, King, 2007) This gap in earnings is considerable, growing from 12.46% during the first post school job to 25.86% even five years later. The statistics concerning racial wage gap may reveal the narrowing of the phenomena, but in all economic matters, racial inequality is an undeniable fact. African Americans face unemployment two times more than their white counterparts and even when employed they may earn only 75 per cent of what their white colleagues receive as wages. (Council of Economic Advisers, 1998) In the first few years in the job market, the incumbent is at a lower rung due to educational qualifications, but over the years this factor ceases to have an impact on the wage potential, because the employer is aware of the productivity levels of the employee. Thus, while the wage gap narrows over the years, it shows a direct proportional decrease with the increase in the number of years spent in the wage market. The lower wage workers have seen an increase in their pay structure, and more importantly, the reduction in wage gap

Discrimination Managing Equal Opportunity Essay

Discrimination Managing Equal Opportunity - Essay Example Be it slavery of the Jews in Rome, and the native Blacks in Africa or the modern day accepted practice of unnecessary portrayal of men/women in advertisements for a product targeted for the opposite sex. (ex: An all women and no man advertisement for selling a product for men, like undergarments, etc. and the man himself is missing in the advt. keeps one guessing for whom it is!). Although the perception of discrimination varies individually as widely as the individual characteristics themselves, the idea of a prejudiced or unfair treatment itself indicates a lack of understanding of the needs and desires of an individual. It even indicates a selfish and indifferent behavior of some. And just as one can find people of different kinds, forms, ethnicity, habits, gender, age, religion, etc. so are there as many grounds for discrimination for those who afford to discriminate. But, every problem brings with it a solution and hence the issue of discriminating also can be combated by making the necessary regulations for conduct by one and all. And also, care should be taken as not to encroach upon an individual's rights, as humanly as possible. These regulations in general are to be formulated and implemented strictly by the governing authorities, to bring about a change by a little coercion. One such revolutionary regulation that paved the way for women cadets in the Citadel is in the case of Shannon Faulkner who aspired to wear the Citadel ring (Genovese, 2). While Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 states that 'employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex and national origin is prohibited' (Unlawful Employment Practices, par.1), Miss Faulkner's aspirations to join the Citadel were curbed by her exclusion from among the cadets. This was with complete indifference to the rights of Miss Faulkner. Her qualification for enrolling into the Citadel as an able and competent individual was not considered judiciously by the authorities concerned. While 'conservatives believed that the biological differences between men and women justify the exclusion of women from male enclaves' (Genovese, 1), the radical democrats vehemently defended her rights. Mrs.Genovese observes that 'public feeling for Shannon Faulkner had run high and presumably every American believed that young women cannot be denied educational and occupational opportunities on account of their sex' (2). Hence, the Citadel was forced to take an affirmative action to stop employment discrimination. A move in this direction was the Affirmative Action Plan or the Entity Plan undertaken by the Citadel. It put forth a basic outline of the positive steps to employ and advance in employment qualified minorities, women, disabled veterans, veterans of the Vietnam era, and persons with disabilities (Affirmative Action Plan, par. 1). The South Carolina Human Affairs Commission was also sought to co-operate in reviewing the job qualifications for the eligible persons and adopt new procedures as and when formulated. Some of the procedures adopted to ensure an affirmative action are- 1. To make available to all members of the Citadel and to the local community the affirmative action plan clearly by way of copies of the plan, statements by its administrative officer's, brochures, manuals, campus publications, etc. 2.

Secular law Essay Example for Free

Secular law Essay Incidents in which police officers shoot and kill citizens often provoke substantial controversy. And this is even more true where the shooting occurs as a consequence of a person’s own provocative behavior and in circumstances that be defined as amounting to a victim provoked shooting or a victim precipitated shooting. Where death occurs it may be victim precipitated homicide, and in other terms as suicide by cop. Despite the fact that such events are surprisingly common, the literature is unexpectedly sparse and is often, lacking in empirical study. Outside the law enforcement community, the existence of the phenomenon is not well known and is certainly too often seriously misunderstood. But understanding suicide itself will help to give some understanding to this type of assisted suicide and how it is seen in the eyes of a criminologist. First I want to examine the criminologist perspective of suicide and this was first introduced by Emile Durkheim with his research on suicide that laid the foundation for anomie or strain theory. Anomic suicide, he postulated, occurs when rapid or extreme social change or crisis threatens group norms. People become uncertain of the appropriateness of their behavior. This results in a state of confusion or normlessness. Durkheim’s examples referred to the higher suicide rates during wars and revolutions as well as during periods of economic recession, depression, or advancement. Durkheim considered fatalistic and anomic suicides as opposites, that is, the former reflecting over-control while the latter represents a lack of normative control. Criminologists have extended the idea of anomie or strain to account for the genesis of crime. Durkheim’s four types of suicide are: Egoistic, which is suicide resulting from a weakening of commitment to group values and goals, especially when the individual has come to rely on primarily upon his or her own resources. Altruistic, suicide precipitated by an over-commitment to group values and norms. Fatalistic, suicide derived from excessive regulation. And Anomic, suicide that occurs when rapid or extreme social change or crisis threaten group norms (Vowell May, 2000). In a historical perspective those who believe that the roster of victimless crimes ought to be thinned or eliminated argue that an essential trait of a democracy is that it extends freedom to all citizens so long as that freedom does not infringe upon the equivalent liberty of other people. Those holding this view assert that victimless offenses are outlawed primarily on moral and religious grounds. For example prostitution violates theological dictates condemning fornication and adultery. But most Western religions also condemn a considerable variety of other acts that the criminal law ignores, such as taking the Lord’s name in vain. Suicide also is abhorred in Catholic theology. In earlier times, suicides were declared criminal offenders, their goods confiscated, and their bodies buried in unhallowed ground at crossroads, with stakes driven through their hearts. These views no longer influence secular law. And it is argued, should any other facets of any group’s moral or religious beliefs be imposed by law on those who do not accept the group’s principles unless it can be shown that a particular action harms others. The opposing position holds that victimless crime is a faulty construct that in actual fact there is no such thing. Prostitutes, it is said, degrade women in genera, transmit AIDS and venereal diseases, disrupt families and support men who exploit them ruthlessly. Drug addicts, because of their habit, often are unable to engage regularly in productive work and steal from innocent victims (Schneider, 2000).

How does Shakespeare portray the nature :: essays research papers

How does Shakespeare portray the nature of love in â€Å"A Midsummer Nights Dream†?‘A Mid-summer Nights Dream’ is evidentially concerned with the series of hindrances in the course of true love. Shakespeare reverses the categories of reality and illusion, portraying to the audience with a comic edge that when overcome with the illusion of love couples become blind to the misfortunes that are bound to cross their path. The most basic part of Shakespeare’s plays is the relationship between men and women. In a society so closely woven with Christianity, it seemed natural to take the mandate for this relationship from the bible. This names the husband the head of the household; he can govern his family as he pleases. Despite the pervading view in Elizabethan England of women as the property of their fathers. Shakespeare’s form does not take a firm stance on how he thinks marriage should work. Marriage was considered as a way to establish order most of Shakespeare’s plays have to do with the making or breaking of family ties. The Characters are drawn from three different worlds: the Athenian Gentry, the Craftsmen of Athens, and the Fairy World. The protagonist is the bizarre nature of love, as represented by four couples: Hermia and Lysander, Helena and Demetrius, Titania and Oberon, and Hippolyta and Theseus. The whole play centers on the central idea of lovers, ironically and comically coming together and being free to marry. The opening exposition is first set in Medieval Athens; Shakespeare uses familiar figures from Greek mythology, which would be seen as autocratic and mature mirroring the future portrayal of their love. Theseus as the male is dominant over Hippolyta; her submission brings forth the imminent wedding. Because they meet in an adverse environment it creates dramatic and passionate tension, which is later resolved. This is in stark contrasts with the young lovers, who are erratic and indecisive. ‘Hippolyta, I wooed thee with my sword; And won thy love doing thee injuries; But I will wed thee in another key, With pomp, with triumph, and with reveling.’ (Theseus 1:1 lines 16-19) Oberon and Titania are noble fairies. Although they have high status, fairies were seen to be avid and passionate. This passion causes human-like, vindictive quarrels between them. ‘†¦I have forsworn his bed and company;’ (Titania 2:1 lines 61-62) Oberon plays tricks on Titania to prove his authority over her, but the sight of her humiliation arouses his love and they reinstate their love to one another.

House Keeping essay

In House Keeping by Marilynne Robinson, the author uses feminist criticism to demonstrate the social construction of a family household that goes against the patriarchal structure or norm of a household. In the novel the main character of Ruthie is telling the story of her and her sister Lucille living at her grandma’s house in Finger bone, Idaho after her mom’s suicide. Right at the start it begins with the death of her grandfather due to a train wreck, then her mother happens to kill herself shortly after going over a cliff after dropping them off at grandma’s.The story takes place in the 1950s and early 1960s and is told from first person point of view. After both of the girls’ mother’s death, the grandma Sylvia becomes their guardian, but eventually becomes ill and dies as well. Their grandmother was prepared for her death and made sure someone would watch over Ruth and Lucille after she was gone. Nona and Miss Royce are introduced in the story and become the girls’ guardians until they no longer feel they can take care of them and send a letter to Sylvie, the girls’ eccentric and unbalanced aunt to come watch them.Sylvie comes to watch over her nieces and then the household begins to become somewhat chaotic. Ruth bonds well with Sylvie because she is free-spirited, but Lucille, on the other hand, yearns for stability in the household. Lucille wants the household to consist of the normal family viewed in society. Lucille finds refugee in her economics teacher and decides to go live with her, leaving Ruth and Sylvie alone. Shortly, Ruth’s safety is questioned by the courts because of the way Sylvie and her are living. They are both isolated from the outside world alone and without a man as the one in charge.Eventually, Sylvie decides to leave Finger bone, Idaho and live on the road again and Ruth decides to go with her. Throughout the novel Ruth and Lucille face several abandonments as they grow up, but still have a home in which housekeeping is done and where a family is created. It may not be the usual household structure but it is a home in which the girls can come to at the end of the day. According to the CBIL, feminist literature also uses a range of different strategies such as psychological strategies that help understand feminist issues better. Ruthdoes not mind living in the condition they have been with Sylvie, but Lucille eventually gets tired of it because she feels she will not be accepted in the society that seems normal to her, â€Å"I was content with Sylvie, so it was a surprise to me when I realized that Lucille had begun to regard other people with the calm, horizontal look of settled purpose with which, from a slowly sinking boat, she might have regarded a not-too-distant shore† (92). Robinson uses feminism criticism to demonstrate that a home can be created without any male role or the typical normal family.In this home only women have lived in after t he grandfather’s death and they have sustained the house together over the years a way or another. When Ruth and Lucille slept out of the house in the woods, Lucille seeked attention from Sylvie because she felt Sylvie did not put any house rules and it bothered her because she felt she did not have a home when in reality she did, â€Å" She had put two folded quilts on the wood box behind the stove. She wrapped one of them around Lucille and one around me, and we sat down† (118).Their home was not the regular home but it was because Sylvie would keep them comforted and warm, she showed them love. Robinson adds details like these to the novel to demonstrate that even alone a woman can create a home for two children. Through feminism criticism the young girls also act as a symbol of strength in the novel because so much has happened to them over the years. They have lost everyone who has come into their lives one at a time. The girls are seen as independent, always on t heir own and taking care of themselves.They look forward to the future and what lies ahead even though their lives have been filled with death and abandonment. Robinson uses Ruth and Lucille as role models to other women who have dealt with similar events. The girls stick together, but eventually separate also signifying that they make their own life decisions without any male telling them what to do. This novel sets a setting in which no men are present, which was uncommon at the time the story takes place. Men were freer to travel, and roam around, unlike women in which they stayed at home with their children.A man-less household was far from uncommon, and in the novel Robinson only chose women as the main characters who lived alone. She created only women relationships to demonstrate that women were capable of coexisting with one another without a male. According to the CBIL, feminist critics use images of women to reflect the patriarchal structure by writing literature to achiev e equality with men (1548). Robinson chose her protagonist to be the voice of a single woman, a woman in in her 20s looking back on her childhood and reflecting on it, â€Å"My name is Ruth.I grew up with my younger sister, Lucille, under the care of my grandmother, Mrs. Sylvia Foster, and when she died, of her sisters in law†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3). Ruth’s character dictates the cast and the setting of the story. As Ruth re-enters her childhood, her concerns becomes those of a fatherless girl abandoned by her mother, or in her case a mother who committed suicide to escape her problems in life, â€Å"She thanked them, gave them her purse, rolled down the rear windows, started the car, turned the wheel as far to the right as it would go, and roared swerving and sliding across the meadow until she sailed off the edge of the cliff† (23).Ruth in the novel has the choice to choose a mother figure in place of the one she has already lost. Ruth begins to bond well with her aunt Sy lvie and Sylvie becomes that mother figure for Ruth as it shows that there is no male heroism in the novel, but rather a female hero. The wilderness becomes part of the feminist criticism as Robinson centers the novel on the lake, and the characters spend frequent time in the woods. By putting a female in the lead role, Robinson goes against tradition.In â€Å"Laugh of the Medusa†, Helene is tired of seeing a man’s role in society in which the man tells the woman what to do. She wants women to give themselves their right place in society and become liberated from the restraint, therefore, Robinson like Helene, writes about feminine literature about women and decisions they have to make in a society where usually men made the decisions. The title of the novel is a big deal when viewing the novel through a feminist approach. â€Å"Housekeeping† in our culture signifies a clean household.In the household women take a major role as they are the ones who clean, maint ain the home, and stay at home with the kids. The house in the novel portrays a symbolic icon for female cultural existence, yet it is ruined in the novel. Sylvie does not keep the house like a culturally standard female would especially in the 1950s where women did not really work or have much to do. Sylvie keeps the house messy and does not act as a suitable mother would in society, â€Å"Yet this was the time that leaves began to gather in the corners.They were leaves that had been through the winter, some of them worn to a net of veins. † Yet, according to â€Å"Laugh of the Medusa† the best of a woman can only be given from another woman and Sylvie demonstrates the mark she leaves behind in society and the lesson she is teaching the girls about change and subversion against patriarchy. Housekeeping demonstrates that women are no longer the typical housewives and how society must accept that change. Society must move beyond conventional social patterns and the idea l image of a woman.Robinson changes literature into feminist literature to change the perception of women. In Housekeeping, Ruth, Lucille, and Sylvie portray women who have to make life decisions because of their different lifestyle that goes against the stereotypical household norm. Ruth being the protagonist is portrayed as the main hero because she faces several events in which she faces hard decisions and makes them, even though society is against the choices and lifestyle she is living.

Management of Creativity Essay

Bolman and Deal in their renowned Four Framework Approach declared that leaders all over the world tend to exhibit behaviour that fits in with one (of the 4) leadership models (or frameworks) suggested by them. These four models they christened as Structural, Political, Symbolic and Human Resource. Bolman and Deal suggest that of these models might prove either a success or a failure depending on the specific situation in which it is being used, particularly in the context of West End Musical theatre of Cambridge Theatre. In the following section, we take a closer look at three of these models. 1) The Structural Framework: In a successful condition, a leader following this leadership model will be a â€Å"social architect† who relies deeply on close inspection and detailed planning. These leaders will concentrate on factors such as structure, stratagem, setting, execution, trailing and adjustment. If however, his/her condition is unsuitable for this sort of leadership he/she will be found to be a bit of a bully and a ‘tyrant for details’. 2) The Political Framework – In the appropriate setting the ‘Political’ leader is an activist who tirelessly campaigns to help his followers cooperate and unite. Such leaders clearly spell out their needs and the means by which they intend to gain them. They are quick to gauge the distribution of capacity of the workers under him/her and the interests his/her establishment is likely to milk out of them. Building relations with the stakeholders will always be their first priority. For this, they will be likely to use persuasion and later negotiation or even a certain amount of force or pressure, if required. Of course, if the setting is unsuitable for this particular variety of leadership such leaders will prove grave failures and be seen as pushy and unscrupulous. 3) The Human Resource Framework – In a successful leadership setting a Human Resource leader is a medium or a channel who serves as supporter or a promoter and whose main occupation is to help empowerment. A typical Human Resource leader’s primary characteristic is his/her tremendous belief in people. However, it is not just their faith that ultimately makes them successful; instead, it is their capacity to communicate that faith. Such a leader is easily accessible and believes in keeping themselves available and in full view. They communicate their conviction in their workers strongly enough to convince them of their own capacities! They believe in increasing each staff-members contribution to the decision making process and in keeping their employees thoroughly informed. They empower their workforce and make them work as a whole, as a full-functional team where everyone is capable of making significant contributions. If the setting is, however not right for this variety of leadership such a leader will be found to be deceitful and deceptive. He/she may also be thought to abdicate from his duties and leave essential decision in the hands of less-experienced people who are not in any position to make important choices. (King, 2006) As if every successful leader comes to understand with time and experience no one, leadership model is adequately effective in all situations. Therefore, leaders often use various combinations of the four different models. In addition, it is also made quite clear that neither of these models is universally accepted in all situations and thus the style of leadership to be followed is largely dependant on the specific situation in which it is being applied. Take for instance the specific situation we have in hand. Given the major organizational modification that EEST is likely to undergo after its purchase by Oust a Structural leader rather than a purely visionary one will be more suitable for it. This is because Structural Leadership lays great amount of emphasis on ‘building’. Under the circumstances, EEST is in much need of this sort of structuring. Given the new employees and the burden of the old tasks of up gradation, EEST needs new strategies, new methodologies, new approaches and a completely new plan. A Structural Leader is capable of providing this better than others provide. Under the circumstances, the Director of Order Fulfilment Applications in the Information Technology department must therefore keep in mind that his/her, department (and Organization) is in dire need of ‘details’ that will allow it a new definition. As the leader the Director has the specific duty of providing these specific ‘details’, as of now. With time as the sudden changes settle down and ‘normality’ is established again, the Director may want to turn his/her attention to the level of growth and use Human Resource methods to step up progress. (Lamb, 2004) Despite our choice of one particular style of leadership, even during times of crisis (such as an organizational overhaul), we must keep in mind that no one leadership model can be our sole key to success. Our managerial capacities are proved only by means of our ability to combine and amalgamate various styles in order to obtain the results we are keen on achieving. For this, it is important for us to understand and tabulate our specific requirements and desired outcome before everything else. It is also of some value to understand our own selves and find out what our personal style of leadership is. Often our own unique approach, though theoretically quite inappropriate in a given situation, can prove to be a real savoir. As it is assumed that Cambridge Theatre lacked a proper form of leadership, it can be stated that with the help of these models it could have been more successful during its early days. It can well be stated that Leadership of multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary team of professionals under the aspects of Management principals can be defined as the art of creating industrial relations of any kind. This is between people engaged in the industry, such as relation between employers and employees, relation between individuals entering into commercial contracts, relation between investors etc, in order to maintain true cooperation of all concerned along with motivating the entire deal into a positive favour. Efficiency of the Leadership of multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary team of professionals lies in not only making the employees to work, but to make them work willingly, sincerely and consciously, by employing new knowledge, new methods, new designs, new machines and novel techniques of production and by allaying mistrust and antagonism. The Leadership purpose takes account of a several activities, and the most important among them is making a decision what staffing requirements one have and whether to use autonomous contractors or take into service employees to meet these needs. This is in accordance to appointing and training the excellent employees, making sure that they are better performers, handling performance related problems, and ensuring that the human resources and administrational practices do the accepted thing to various set of laws. Wright indicated in his book, The Moral Animal: why we are the way we are, that a fundamental supposition of Leadership of multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary team of professional’s approaches. It is that the whole staffs of the organization including both the management and the workers equally contributes to the common purpose, share the common objective and have full attention in progress of the organization. The Leadership policies and ideals undergo constant changes due to influence of some basic factors such as domestic and international competition, changes in the social structure and developments in technology etc. (Wright, 2000)

Sociology of Gambling

Sociology of Gambling Summary of Reading Gambling has for a long time been regarded to as a social vice (Eagley and Chaiken, 1993). The act of gambling is normally regarded to as immoral. This is because it is addictive and in most cases people tend to lose their money or any other valuable item that was used as stake.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Sociology of Gambling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the more an individual loses, the more he/she feels like playing in order to recover his loss and make a quick profit. In most situations, such individuals tend to end up in even more losses. It is due to this fact that the society has a negative attitude towards gambling. However, in the US, gambling alone bring in more revenue than the sale of movie tickets, theme parks, music concerts and sports events combined (Bernhard and Frey, 2006). Furthermore, 50 states in the United States have legalized several forms of gam bling. This therefore shows that gambling is a part and parcel of our society. The act of gambling has been there in since time immemorial, is with us today and will continue until perpetuity. It is therefore essential for sociologist to understand the positive aspects of gambling and the impact that it has on our lives. To support these arguments, several theories have been presented that try to explain the social aspect of gambling. During the renaissance era, the Catholics used gambling as one of the weaknesses against the Protestants who advocated for it (Greenwald et al, 2002). The catholic stated that it is wrong and evil to get something without working for it. This act was compared to the acts and promises that were made by Satan. In the early 20th century, Devereux explained the gambling theory with the use of the institutional theory. He suggested that gambling had more impact on the society that its individualistic and pathological effects that were well known. At the pre sent moment, sociologists have shifted their views and regard gambling as a form of play (Boyer, 2003). Many countries have lotteries and have legalised gambling which, in many circumstances is controlled by the betting and licensing board. They also state that gambling, as an act is a good leisure activity just like any other form of entertainment. Critique of the arguments presented As stated in the article, gambling is an act that can be used for leisure. The act has been a part of the human culture for many generations now. Due to this fact, it is essential to fully understand it and utilize its benefits to improve the status of individuals and the society (Allport, 2005).Advertising Looking for critical writing on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As stated in the article, gambling has high economic return. This money can be used to fund other projects hence improve the development of the economy. In addition, the act of gambling keeps people occupied. This therefore prevents them from committing social ills. However, it is essential to control the level of gambling. However, for gambling to be socially viable, it should be controlled. This is because the act of gambling is addictive and may lead to adverse conditions on individuals and the society. Application of the arguments Occasional gambling is one of my pass time activities. I have been participating in lotteries and charities ever since I was 12 years old. I do this not only to win but for the fun of it. If properly controlled, participating in charities and lotteries can be fun. From the experience that I have, I think that I believe that gambling can be used to improve the status of the society. References Allport, G.W. (2005). Attitudes. In C.M. Murchison. Handbook of social psychology  Winchester, MA: Clark University Press. Bernhar, B and Frey, J. (2006). The Sociology of Gambling. Brayant, 1(1), 399-404. Boye r, M. (2003). Attentional bias and addictive behaviour: Automaticity in a gambling-specific modified Stroop task. Addiction, 98, 61–70. Eagley, A., and Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers. Greenwald, A.G., Banaji, M.R., Rudman, L.A., Farnham, S.D., Nosek, B.A., Mellot, D.S. (2002). A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. Psychological Review, 109, 3–25.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Sociology of Gambling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Free Essays on The Devil And Commodity Fetishism In South America

This essay discusses Michael Taussig's ethnography of plantation and tin mine workers in South America in his book, The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America. The work deals mainly with the structure of society and the problems existing among the Columbian plantation workers and the Peruvian and bolivian tin mine workers when a capitalist economy is introduced. Taussig's perspective for interpretation of these societies is unashamedly Marxist. His aim is to interpret the effects of the disruption these societies experienced from what he calls, the capitalist exploitation of market based oppression, dating from the Spanish conquest to the present day. He tries to achieve this by analysing the subsequent changes in their folk beliefs. Comparing pre-conquest (use value market) beliefs, rites, magic, with those of the post-conquest (commodity driven market) periods of history. Taussig emphasises that in order to see the situation these societies find themselves in clearly we must look at them through precapitalist eyes. Stressing the importance of a self effacing critique of the capitalist world view, (one that the western reader has probably reified) is critical to comprehending the task he has undertaken. His aim is to show that the "alienation" experienced by individuals in a society, developed hand in hand with the change from a use value, or reciprocal exchange based economy, to a market based, non-reciprocal one. One that does not emphasise human relationships, but is focused on commodities (things), and in so doing fetishizes the commodities. The analogy his argument hinges on is the fetishization of the devil in the previously mentioned social groupings. Whereas in precapitalist times the gods or spirits in their folk beliefs were not inherently or predominantly evil, now because of the influences brought to bear on them from a commodity based market, their beliefs have changed or at least include... Free Essays on The Devil And Commodity Fetishism In South America Free Essays on The Devil And Commodity Fetishism In South America This essay discusses Michael Taussig's ethnography of plantation and tin mine workers in South America in his book, The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America. The work deals mainly with the structure of society and the problems existing among the Columbian plantation workers and the Peruvian and bolivian tin mine workers when a capitalist economy is introduced. Taussig's perspective for interpretation of these societies is unashamedly Marxist. His aim is to interpret the effects of the disruption these societies experienced from what he calls, the capitalist exploitation of market based oppression, dating from the Spanish conquest to the present day. He tries to achieve this by analysing the subsequent changes in their folk beliefs. Comparing pre-conquest (use value market) beliefs, rites, magic, with those of the post-conquest (commodity driven market) periods of history. Taussig emphasises that in order to see the situation these societies find themselves in clearly we must look at them through precapitalist eyes. Stressing the importance of a self effacing critique of the capitalist world view, (one that the western reader has probably reified) is critical to comprehending the task he has undertaken. His aim is to show that the "alienation" experienced by individuals in a society, developed hand in hand with the change from a use value, or reciprocal exchange based economy, to a market based, non-reciprocal one. One that does not emphasise human relationships, but is focused on commodities (things), and in so doing fetishizes the commodities. The analogy his argument hinges on is the fetishization of the devil in the previously mentioned social groupings. Whereas in precapitalist times the gods or spirits in their folk beliefs were not inherently or predominantly evil, now because of the influences brought to bear on them from a commodity based market, their beliefs have changed or at least include...

Research business proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research business proposal - Essay Example In addition to integration into corporate structures and processes, CSR also frequently involves creating innovative and proactive solutions to societal and environmental challenges, as well as collaborating with both internal and external stakeholders to improve CSR performance (McDonald & Rundle-Thiele, 2008). The proposed research paper will address the issue of definition as well the nature of the challenges calling for public and private sector action on the CSR front. It also intends to outline components that can be used by businesses and other organizations to review and potentially enhance their performance in relation to CSR. It will further explore the best practices on the part of industry to attain positive and proactive outcomes on CSR. Additionally, the proposed research paper will also provide an outlook of Industry activities and initiatives that support the promotion of CSR and that define and provide pragmatic viewpoints on the linkages between CSR and innovation. It will also offer some recommendations for the further exploration of CSR. There are different concepts and factors that are considered of importance in the operation and management of different types and forms of organizations. One of the said factors is the corporate social responsibility or CSR. The terms can be considered synonymous to corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship or responsibility in business. ... 3.3. Data collection method . 15 3.4. Ethical issues.. 16 3.5. Data analysis & Nature and form of results... 17 3.6. Variables 17 4.0. References 18 5.0. Appendix. 19 1.0. Introduction 1.1. Background There are different concepts and factors that are considered of importance in the operation and management of different types and forms of organizations. One of the said factors is the corporate social responsibility or CSR. The terms can be considered synonymous to corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship or responsibility in business. The main principle for the said concept is the need of the company to take responsibility on its operation on the basis of the fact that the establishment of an enterprise can affect the community and the environment one way or another (Catalyst Consortium, 2002). The detrimental effects of the continuous industrialization and modernization of the corporate world had turned the trend of the organizations and companies from the objectives of financial prowess solely towards expansion of aims and priorities in terms of responsibilities thus including the welfare of the environments and surroundings including the adjacent communities and other issues related to ethics and behaviours of the employees and the members of the company or organization. The CSR then can be defined on the basis of giving attention to three objectives that includes the profitability in the financial aspect, the social responsibility and the environmental issues and concerns (Catalyst Consortium, 2002). 1.2. Problem Statement and objectives Corporate social responsibility can be said as idea whereby business organizations consider the interests of society by taking obligations for the

The importance delivering a good prevention for teachers at risk of Essay

The importance delivering a good prevention for teachers at risk of voice problems - Essay Example In a study, 39.6% of the teacher trainees reported of voice problems in comparison to 32.6% females belonging to the general public (Thomas et al 2006). Similar results were noted in a different study when it was seen that teachers who were studying, 17.2% reported of problems with their voices. On the other hand only 9.7% of the people belonging to other professions which did not require vocal stress reported of vocal issues (Donders et al 2006). These vocal issues can be overcome with the assistance of different forms of treatment. It has been analyzed that if treatment is not sort, it can result in aggravating the vocal problems. Vocal amplification and vocal hygiene belong to forms of treatment modalities which prove to be useful for such problems. Vocal amplification is considered to be a superior procedure as compared to the vocal amplification. This was because the teachers felt more comfortable with this procedure and felt easier to comply with it (Roy et al 2004). Vocal func tional exercises also belong to a treatment option for vocal problems. A study has proved that vocal functional exercises serve as a more superior procedure to vocal hygiene for treatment voice problems. The teachers under the treatment of these exercises report better results and also present with higher satisfaction levels with this form of treatment (Simon et al 2001).

How important was television and newspaper reporting in uncovering the Essay

How important was television and newspaper reporting in uncovering the 1972-74 Watergate scandal - Essay Example However, with due course of time, the media publication has emerged as a business to generate profit with larger customer base rather than focussing on its core value to provide information to the common audiences. Despite, these have been of great aid while uncovering a few noteworthy and significant facts regarding the society. One such remarkable incident in the early 1970s political history of United States was the infamous Watergate Scandal. The time frame of 1972 to 1974 is remarked to be the most significant and indeed the most remarkable in the political history of the US. It is during this period that the then president of the US democrat, Mr. Richard Nixon had to resign from his designation which was the only resignation of the US president in the political history till date. It happened during the mid of 1972 when political parties were on the mode to set their images for election programmes (Steven, 2006). According to the published reports, in 17th June, 1972 five men we re recognised trespassing in headquarter of Democratic National Committee, recording and incepting the telephonic conversations and other communications. In 15th September of the same year, two other men were accused of being directly related to the conspiracy and the infringement of the central wiretapping laws. By the beginning of the next year, it was revealed that all the accused seven people were employed by the Campaign to Re-Elect the President (CREEP). The fact fuelled the probability of the involvement of superior government officials in this case. In the mid of 1973, one of the accused men of the five, wrote a letter to the trial judge, John J. Sirica addressing a cover up of the event (Alumni Chapter, n.d.). The cover up incidentally was published in different media publications including television and newspapers. Consequently, the investigation got stimulated revealing certain major facts regarding the then political environment highlighting the role of senior governmen tal officials. Worth mentioning the fact that media publications revealed a series of events demonstrating political corruptions by manoeuvring the investigation. The facts which were revealed by the investigation until 1974 stated that John Mitchell, the then Attorney General had a secret fund amounted to almost $700,000. This sum of money was intended to be expended against the Democratic Party in the falsification of letters, leaking untrue information to the press and also pilfering campaign files. It also stated that most of the American Corporations, including the Gulf Oil Corporation, American Airlines, International Telephone and Telegraph contributed large sum of money to the ‘Nixon campaign’. Moreover, the instance also revealed that Nixon had assured the Watergate intruders to provide them ‘executive clemency’ in case they were incarcerated. He also assured them to reward huge sums of money. A piece of evidence also exposed that $450,000 was paid to the intruders headed by the order of Erlichman, one of the superior White House supporters of Nixon. Several other facts were also revealed which demonstrated the pressurising of the ‘Nixon campaign’ on the FBI officials, CIA officials and other investigating

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Essay Example for Free

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Essay President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law on July 2, 1964 in Washington D.C. It ended discrimination based on race, color, and religion. Since Reconstruction, it is often called the most important U.S. law on civil rights. This law allowed the federal government with the powers to enforce desegregation. Title VI of the act banned the use of federal funds for segregated programs and schools. In 1964 only Tennessee and Texas had more than two percent of their black students enrolled in integrated schools. About 6% of the black students in the South were in integrated schools by the next year because of Title VI. What was the cause of the Civil Rights Act of 1964? In June 1963, President John F. Kennedy proposed a bill several months prior to his death. President Johnson announced his intention to turn the proposal into law five days after Kennedy’s assassination. Title IV of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 forbidden discrimination in public schools because of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin. Public schools included elementary, secondary, and public colleges and universities. Before this law was signed, an African-American named James Meredith applied to the University of Mississippi in 1961. Officials at the school returned his application. He then took his case to the court. On September 10, 1962, the U.S. Supreme Court administrated that he had the right to attend the University of Mississippi. Ross Barnett, the governor of Mississippi, personally blocked Mr. Meredith from registering at the university even after the Supreme Court ruled. Conclusively, on September 30, 1962, federal officers and Civil Rights Division lawyers led Mr. Meredith onto the campus. There were one hundred twenty three assistant federal officers, three hundred sixteen U.S. Border Patrolmen, and ninety-seven federal prison guards on and near the campus to guard him. A crowd attacked the federal forces within an hour. They were fought with guns, bricks, bottles, and Molotov cocktails. President Kennedy sent sixteen thousand federal troops to the campus because of the nonstop violence. The outcome was there were two people dead, twenty-eight officers were shot, and  one hundred sixty people injured. As a result, James Meredith became he first black student to attend the University of Mississippi. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 had many effects. The law outlawed ethnic discrimination in public and places of employment to African Americans. However, it did not end the Civil Rights Movement. Black Southerners were deprived of their constitutional rights because white Southerners still used legal ways to take away their rights. African Americans lived in the worst metropolitan neighborhoods and had to attend the worst city schools. Other than that, the rights included rights to vote, public accommodations, which included being able to go to restaurants, movie theaters, shopping in all stores, going inside a gas station, and attending sports events at sports arenas. The Civil Rights of 1964 was also the first law to guarantee the equal rights of women.

Arrogant Attitude of Griffins Black Like Me Essay -- Black Like Me Ess

In The South John Howard Griffin’s chronicled experiences as a black man in his book, â€Å"Black Like Me† is an arrogant if well meaning book. It is arrogant because a 28 day experiment does not compare to the years (especially when learning right from wrong) of prolonged discrimination and racism suffered by African-Americans in the southern United States during the 1950’s. Consider being treated not as a 2nd class citizen, but as a 10th class citizen. Consider being in front of a washroom, but to be told it is for whites only and that you must go to the other side of town to use a â€Å"coloured† washroom. Consider not being allowed to do something just because a white man told you not to. Consider doing menial labor your entire life, even though you have a university education. Consider being an African-American. Those are just some of the hardships that African-Americans in (Specifically but not limited to) the Southern United States. Griffin had the opportunity to go to university and the theatre and all the finer things in life. He had a big house and a cushy job in the sub... Arrogant Attitude of Griffin's Black Like Me Essay -- Black Like Me Ess In The South John Howard Griffin’s chronicled experiences as a black man in his book, â€Å"Black Like Me† is an arrogant if well meaning book. It is arrogant because a 28 day experiment does not compare to the years (especially when learning right from wrong) of prolonged discrimination and racism suffered by African-Americans in the southern United States during the 1950’s. Consider being treated not as a 2nd class citizen, but as a 10th class citizen. Consider being in front of a washroom, but to be told it is for whites only and that you must go to the other side of town to use a â€Å"coloured† washroom. Consider not being allowed to do something just because a white man told you not to. Consider doing menial labor your entire life, even though you have a university education. Consider being an African-American. Those are just some of the hardships that African-Americans in (Specifically but not limited to) the Southern United States. Griffin had the opportunity to go to university and the theatre and all the finer things in life. He had a big house and a cushy job in the sub...

Moral Value Novel Back to the Dreamtime

NOVEL: BACK TO THE DREAMTIME Based on the story â€Å"Back to the dreamtime† the relationship of two main characters which I choose is Richard and his adoptive brothers, Tom. Richard father was an aboriginal descent, and he died when Richard was two year old. This proof from page 7, said Richard â€Å"my father was an aboriginal and he died when I was two year old.They very close relationship because they in same age and Tom are more elder then Richard, this can be proof on page 23 from the conversation between tom and Richard â€Å"that what older brothers are for† said by tom jokingly, yeah only just a bit older said Richard â€Å"two months to be exact† from this we know that, tom is older than Richard two month, but there are not brother with blood relation. Richard is adoptive children in Tom family and from Aboriginal family. Then, parent Tom is Joe and Sonya and have only one sister, Judy.This family is happiness family because parent Tom take care and lo ve Richard same with their children. Tom and Richard very close because always share sadness and happiness together. We can see in chapter 1, Tom ask Richard about problem Richard and plan Richard after study. They study in the same school. Every day they went to school together. Proof from page 6, â€Å"come on now, let go, or we will be late for school†. Richard, Tom and Judy also usually play together in weekend and they favorite sport is cricket .They always cooperation to become good teachers in cricket to their sister, Judy. They also together to clean up the attic together that ask from their father. They very respect their father and not protest when their ask father to clean up attic and that time, they in start to play cricket together with their sibling. In chapter 2, although they think cannot to finish their job that day because very mess that attic to clean up, the steady to clean up and accept opinion Judy. Tom also close with Richard friend, they always hang o ut together.They usually hang out at their favorite place that just down the road and sat near the edge of the cliff. This proof from page 14, tom and Bradley left the school grounds secretly to go to their favourite place just down the road, but still close enough for the school bell to be heard. They also enjoy with watching the surfers battling the waves and coming off second best. In chapter 3, they discuss about camp at Alice Spring at that place. In chapter 5 also, they have hang out at the railway tracks.They discuss about planning to go Alice Spring and Bradley planning to follow together and they agree with that because Bratley and his father usually go to explore. Tom also responsible brother, in chapter 5, Richard and their parent need go to Alice Spring to solve problem about carver, Tjurunga. That time, with feel responsible ,he ask Richard to follow go to Alice Spring together because he know Richard not go that place to holiday but have serious matter. He as brother f eel responsible to take care and help their brother.For example Tom wanted to come along with Richard to go to Alice Spring to help Richard find more information about his aboriginal life. Although Tom has no connection with Richard’s life but he is willing to sacrifice his break time and not going for holiday to come along with Richard. He know when together ,their parent and Richard will a lot better . He only give reason to go take great photos at that place. Tom also easy to suitable with Richard environment that from aboriginal. In chapter 6, they meet Mr. Aranda to ask about carver, Tjurunga and Mr.Aranda invite to go their house to rest and eat. Although first meet, they start to close with Mr. Aranda because he so nice and ready to help . In chapter 6, they go Hermannsburg Mission to meet Mr. Urandangi to solve their problem about carver, Tjurunga. That place over forty years ago not have guest from white people and Tom and Bradley is first after that. Although they c an suitable with that condition and have some time they see villagers always see they with strange sight. As conclusion, Tom and Richard so close and always take care together as like friend.Although Richard only adoptive children, their family still consider Richard like son and Tom still take care about Richard same he take care their sister Judy. In addition, Tom is a good friend for his brother Richard. For example, when Richard look so confused, Tom come to give Richard some advice such as Tom told Richard that not to give up. Then, Richard must face up to who you really are and he has to come to terms with his new world. Richard also must to be a strong person. So, this advice make Richard feel happy.

Gender Differences in the Personality Development of Adolescents

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS BELONGING TO DIFFERENT PARENTING STYLES S. Sravanthi And Dr. M. Sarada Devi The present study was designed to investigate the gender differences in the personality development of adolescents belonging to different parenting styles. The sample comprised of 180 adolescents (60 democratic, 60 permissive and 60 authoritarian parents and their children who comprised of equal number of boys and girls). MAP Series (Teenage Form) covering 20 dimensions was used for data collection.The results revealed that boys belonging to democratic parenting style had high personality development in all the dimensions followed by permissive parenting style. Adolescents belonging to authoritarian parents had low scores on personality development than the adolescents with democratic and permissive parents. INTRODUCTION: Parenting is a complex activity that includes many specific behaviours that work individually and together to influence the c hild outcomes.Parents occupy the most important place in the perceptual world of the child (Eisenberg 1996). Parenting is the most rewarding work of adult life. ————————————————- Parenting styles are broad categories that can overlap, shift, mix and change overtime. Often discipline is considered as essential for the growth and development of the child, Parental discipline is very essential for building healthy personality of the child.The patterns of socialization used by parents influence the child’s personality. *S. Sravanthi (M. Sc) Student, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, ANGRAU, Saifabad, Hyderabad **Dr. M. Sarada Devi Associate professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, ANGRAU, Saifabad, Hyderabad The term personality is derived from Latin word â€Å"persona† whic h means, â€Å"mask†.Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behaviour and thought. Adolescents are extremely personality conscious and highly motivated to improve them. Diana Baumarind (1983) has classified the techniques of disciplining in three fold scheme and the research focused on three of them 1) Authoritarian 2) Authoritative/Democratic and 3) Permissive.The research indicates that authoritative parenting is associated with increase in attitudinal and behavioural indicators of academic orientation during adolescents, including greater engagement in classroom activities, higher educational aspirations and more positive feelings about school compared to adolescents from permissive and authoritarian parenting style (MaccobyEE 1996). METHODOLOGY Sample: The sample comprised of one hundred and eighty adolescents including equal number of boys and girls from three parenting styles i. e. democratic, permissive and authoritarian. The sample drawn was randomly selected from different high schools of Hyderabad city. Tools Used: In order to find out the gender differences in personality development, MAP series (Teenage Form) consisting of 20 personality dimensions was used covering (adaptability, academic achievement, boldness, competition creativity, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism, innovation, leadership, maturity, mental health, morality, self-control, sensitivity, self-sufficiency, social warmth and tension).To find out the different parenting styles adopted by the parents, parenting interactional style questionnaire developed by Vivekan Reddy (1996) was used. Procedure: Along with the Parenting Interactional Style Questionnaire self developed proforma to collect the general information was administered to the sample after collecting the data, it was scored and analyzed statistically using means, S. D and ‘Z’ va lues yielding the following results. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The present investigation was undertaken with the objective of studying gender differences in the personality development of adolescents belonging to different parenting styles.Table: 1 Gender differences in personality dimensions of adolescents under democratic parenting style. S. No. | Personality Dimensions| Boys| Girls | ‘Z’ Value| | | Mean| S. D| Mean| S. D. | | 1| Adaptability| 8. 3667| 2. 1573| 8. 0333| 1. 5421| 0. 8848 NS| 2| Academic Achievement | 9. 1667| 1. 7036| 8. 3333| 1. 6470| 1. 9592 NS| 3| Boldness| 9. 1667| 2. 3647| 9. 0000| 2. 0844| 0. 2945 NS| 4| Competition| 7. 9000| 2. 5778| 6. 6333| 2. 3265| 2. 6485**| 5| Creativity| 8. 5333| 1. 6965| 7. 9667| 2. 7353| 1. 2334 NS| 6| Enthusiasm| 7. 1333| 2. 2242| 8. 2333| 1. 8511| 2. 3086*| 7| Excitability| 8. 000| 1. 4288| 6. 9667| 1. 8473| 0. 9699 NS| 8| General Ability| 9. 6000| 2. 6471| 8. 8000| 2. 7089| 1. 1767 NS| 9| Guilt Proneness| 7. 7667| 0. 585 4| 7. 9667| 2. 0424| 0. 3854 NS| 10| Individualism| 9. 2000| 2. 0578| 6. 3333| 1. 9911| 4. 9936** | 11| Innovation| 8. 1667| 2. 6403| 6. 8667| 2. 5560| 0. 0666**| 12| Leadership| 10. 1667| 2. 0525| 8. 8000| 2. 3253| 3. 8302 **| 13| Maturity| 9. 1000| 2. 4403| 9. 5000| 1. 8892| 0. 7221 NS| 14| Mental Health| 8. 7333| 2. 3479| 8. 6000| 2. 0443| 0. 5865 NS| 15| Morality| 8. 9333| 2. 1485| 9. 1667| 2. 1348| 0. 3629 NS| 16| Self-control| 8. 2000| 1. 7695| 8. 7333| 1. 954| 0. 7101 **| 17| Sensitivity| 6. 7000| 1. 6432| 7. 3667| 2. 2358| 1. 3385 NS| 18| Self-Sufficiency| 8. 2000| 2. 0745| 7. 6000| 2. 0611| 0. 4042 NS| 19| Social warmth| 8. 6333| 1. 7515| 9. 1667| 2. 1348| 0. 0649 NS| 20| Tension| 5. 7667| 1. 6333| 6. 3667| 2. 0424| 1. 2781 NS| | Total| 163. 3667| 8. 5439| 158. 2667| 11. 4649| 1. 9666*| NS: Not significant Adolescent boys had high mean scores on personality development compared to girls belonging to democratic parenting style. It was evident from the table-1 that adolescent boys had high mean scores on almost all the dimensions of personality development.This might be due to the fact that boys were given more opportunities by the parents for their development compared to girls. It might also be due to the gender role socialization practices used by the parents as boys to be assertive, independent and self-controlled in nature. This might also be influenced by the high parental expectations towards boys as they are the future breadwinners of the family. Adolescent girls had scored high on few personality dimensions such as maturity, morality, enthusiasm and social warmth.This might be due to the traditional society set up that girls are more matured than those of boys in the same age group and are better able to take care of the household activities. Boys of democratic parents had better personality development compared to girls of the same parenting styles. This might be due to the fact that parents had provided more opportunities for boys compared to girls from the same group. Table-2: Gender differences in personality dimensions under permissive parenting style S. No. | Personality Dimensions| Boys| Girls | ‘Z’ Value| | | Mean| S. D| Mean| S. D. | | | Adaptability| 6. 7000| 2. 2614| 6. 0333| 1. 9025| 1. 2567 NS| 2| Academic Achievement | 5. 3735| 1. 7367| 6. 9333| 1. 7604| 3. 4543**| 3| Boldness| 9. 0333| 2. 3560| 8. 9667| 2. 7728| 0. 2890 NS| 4| Competition| 7. 2000| 3. 0103| 6. 3667| 1. 9384| 0. 8297 NS| 5| Creativity| 8. 9333| 1. 9106| 7. 8667| 2. 4877| 1. 6140 NS| 6| Enthusiasm| 7. 9000| 2. 4262| 5. 8667| 2. 0965| 4. 8871**| 7| Excitability| 8. 5000| 1. 8892| 6. 7333| 2. 2733| 3. 4582**| 8| General Ability| 7. 4000| 3. 6446| 6. 8333| 2. 6008| 0. 7051 NS| 9| Guilt Proneness| 7. 7667| 1. 8323| 7. 8333| 3. 2065| 0. 1006 NS| 10| Individualism| 9. 333| 1. 6750| 8. 3667| 1. 8096| 1. 9580 NS| 11| Innovation| 8. 2000| 1. 9722| 6. 4333| 1. 7157| 2. 3007*| 12| Leadership| 8. 1333| 2. 1292| 7. 9333| 1. 6595| 1. 6901 NS| 13| Maturity| 6. 2667| 2. 0833| 8. 3000| 2. 3947| 3. 5687**| 14| Mental Health| 8. 3000| 1. 9853| 6. 7667 | 2. 2846| 2. 6355**| 15| Morality| 8. 0000| 1. 8383| 9. 1333| 2. 1930| 2. 3070*| 16| Self-control| 7. 7000| 1. 8965| 6. 4000| 1. 4288| 4. 4091**| 17| Sensitivity| 8. 5000| 2. 0129| 9. 8667| 1. 8889| 2. 8000*| 18| Self-Sufficiency| 7. 6333| 2. 0745| 7. 4333| 2. 4023| 4. 3297**| 19| Social warmth| 7. 3667| 3. 784| 7. 8667| 2. 1292| 2. 4020*| 20| Tension| 5. 8333| 2. 9371| 7. 7667| 2. 5688| 2. 7602**| | Total| 160. 5667| 17. 1096| 147. 7333| 9. 3521| 3. 6521**| Ns: Not significant Adolescent boys belonging to permissive parenting style had high mean scores on personality development compared to girls. It was evident from the results that adolescent boys had high mean scores on almost all the personality dimensions such as adaptability, boldness, competition, creativity, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, individualism, leadership, innovation, mental health, self-control an d self sufficiency.This might be due to the fact that parents aspire that the boys should study regularly and get good marks, go far higher studies because the cultural stereotype of male gender role as breadwinner persists in the country. Hence it was clear that personality development of adolescent boys was better compared to girls. Adolescent girls scored high on few personality dimensions such as academic achievement, guilt proneness, morality, maturity, sensitivity, social warmth and tension. This might be due to the fact that girls are good at verbal skills and thinking.It can also be due to the fact that girls are more emotional and empathetic in nature and good at interaction with others compared to boys. It had not shown significant difference between boys and girls with regard to rest of the dimensions such as adaptability, competition, creativity, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism and leadership. Table -3: Gender differences in personality dimensions under A uthoritarian parenting style S. No. | Personality Dimensions| Boys| Girls | ‘Z’ Value| | | Mean| S. D| Mean| S. D. | | 1| Adaptability| 6. 1333| 2. 0634| 7. 6333| 1. 9911| 4. 1677**| 2| Academic Achievement | 6. 2333| 1. 4667| 5. 333| 1. 8286| 2. 2312*| 3| Boldness| 8. 8333| 3. 0522| 5. 5333| 1. 2794| 6. 2634**| 4| Competition| 6. 8667| 2. 1292| 5. 6000| 1. 7340| 2. 5698*| 5| Creativity| 6. 1000| 2. 3540| 7. 5667| 2. 6741| 2. 2935 *| 6| Enthusiasm| 7. 0423| 2. 1930| 5. 0333| 2. 1891| 2. 1353*| 7| Excitability| 7. 4333| 1. 9420| 6. 9667| 1. 9737| 3. 1265**| 8| General Ability| 6. 4667| 2. 7099| 7. 1333| 1. 9429| 0. 2785 NS| 9| Guilt Proneness| 6. 6000| 2. 5134| 7. 5333| 1. 8520| 1. 6654 NS| 10| Individualism| 6. 9333| 2. 2427| 5. 4333| 1. 7357| 2. 9466**| 11| Innovation| 7. 1000| 2. 6438| 5. 4333| 2. 2234| 2. 6878**| 12| Leadership| 6. 8333| 1. 286| 5. 6667| 1. 7876| 4. 8019**| 13| Maturity| 6. 8667| 1. 5698| 7. 3000| 2. 5617| 0. 8035 NS| 14| Mental Health| 8. 2333| 2. 0 957| 5. 9667| 2. 5391| 4. 4567**| 15| Morality| 6. 6667| 1. 7876| 7. 2667| 2. 5722| 1. 0671 NS| 16| Self-control| 8. 0333| 3. 1784| 6. 1000| 1. 4937| 3. 0668**| 17| Sensitivity| 6. 8333| 2. 2118| 5. 9333| 2. 0500| 1. 2284 NS| 18| Self-Sufficiency| 6. 9333| 2. 2118| 5. 9333| 2. 0500| 1. 2284 NS| 19| Social warmth| 8. 5000| 2. 7133| 8. 6672 | 2. 2642| 1. 5108 NS| 20| Tension| 8. 3667| 2. 0424| 10. 3667| 1. 4735| 4. 4241**| | Total| 151. 1333| 12. 2072| 134. 2333| 7. 9903| 6. 4199**| NS: Not significantAdolescent’s boys had high mean scores on personality development compared to girls from authoritarian parenting style. It was evident from the results that adolescent boys had high mean scores with reference to almost all the dimensions of personality development such as academic achievement, boldness, competition, enthusiasm, excitability, individualism, innovation, leadership, mental health; self-control, sensitivity and tension. Hence it was revealed that personality developme nt of adolescent boys was better than those of girls. This might be due to the parental expectations and aspirations on adolescents that differ on both genders.It might also be due to the roles taken up by adolescents in household activities such as girls taking care of cleaning, cooking where as boys going out for buying groceries and paying the bills and technical work etc. Adolescent girls had scored high on few dimensions such as adaptability, creativity, maturity, morality sensitivity, social warmth and tension. This might be due to the result of gender role socialization practices such as girls are trained to become good home markers and they are quick in absorbing the models from their parents compared to boys.Both boys and girls were on par in personality dimensions such as general ability and guilt proneness as there was no significant difference found between the two genders. The present findings are in line with the study conducted by Chowdhary et al. (1995), which reveal ed that girls required more support from their parent’s, and their needs were more as compared to boys. In a study on parent’s gender differentiated socialization practices concluded that, parents do indeed reinforce gender-typed behaviour such as play, activity, and toy choices (Maccoby & Jacklin 1974).FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Significant differences were noticed in personality development of adolescent boys and girls belonging to different parenting styles. Boys belonging to democratic parents had better personality development compared to girls. Where as the adolescents belonging to authoritarian parenting style had low personality development than the adolescents of democratic and permissive parenting styles. On the whole it was evident that democratic parenting style was found to have significant positive influence on personality development of the adolescents.Hence from the results it was clear that democratic parenting style was best-suggested to develop personal ity development among the adolescents. Bibliography Baumrind D 1967 Child care practices anticipating patterns of pre-school behaviour. Genetic psychology monographs 75 : 43-88. Chowdhary, Aparijitha, Muni and Kumari A 1995 Roles of parental support in Childrens, need satisfaction and academic achievement. Journal of Community Guidance and Research 12 (2) : 135-144. Maccoby E E and Martin J A 1996 Socialization in the context of the family, Parent child interaction, Newyork, Handbook of psychology. Ed 4th Edition 1-101.